The New Nation (Government of O'Higgins) La Patria Nueva
O'HIGGINS GOVERNMENT (Patria Nueva :1817-1822) Upon taking office Bernardo O'Higgins des-for the battle of Chacabuco, did invested with full powers under the agreement of the assembly that elected him. His first concern was the struggle against the royalist forces and, then, the preparation of the Liberating Expedition of Peru, we visto.No Notwithstanding the concerns and the extra costs required by the war, O'Higgins and colleagues dealt with various reforms and to organize the state and the administra-tion pública.La Maipú victory did not mean the extinction of the English forces in Chile. Some official-les with small items were removed to Arauca-pany and began a guerrilla struggle against patriotas.Don Ramón Freire was established with a division into Design and from there conducted a relentless war against the Montoneros, which aided by thugs and Indians ravaged the region. Di-be self-defeating and rivalries emerging between montoneros led to its demise in a few years.The strength of Valdivia were another point of English resistance. Lord Cochrane, with some-sized ships of the squadron, attacked the fortifications, instead of provoking a war of artillery, rnantuvo their boats out of the mouth of the river and through the landing of infantry seized of the strong by the last English stronghold espalda.El was the island of Chiloé, where Colonel Antonio Quintanilla-cho've had strong pulling resources out of nothing. Only in 1826, General Freire, then commanding the country, seize the isla.AFIANZAMIENTO achieve INDEPENDENCE, In order to indicate clearly the formation of a free state and make it known to all nations, O'Higgins ordered the Declaration of Independence. It drafted a bill that is dated January 1, 1818 and days after independence was proclaimed in solemn acts públicos.Para consolidate the new regime was necessary to take action against the royalists especially including the clergy against the pa-countrymen. For this reason the Bishop of Santiago Jose Santiago Rodriguez had to leave weaned Zorri1la RRAD to Mendoza.TAREAS ORGANIZATIVASUna realistic once the threat disappeared in Chile, the aristocracy expressed desire to limit authority of the Chief Justice. Aco-gio O'Higgins that purpose and appointed a commission which drew up a draft constitution .. In every city approved the project without oposición.La Constitution of 1818 confirmed by O'Higgins in the Supreme Director, without indicating its duration period and giving strong attribution ciones.Se established a five-member Senate, without whose agreement the head of state could not resolve any important issue. While O'Higgins appointed senators, the latter demonstrated independence and their own criteria funciones. "The judiciary was well-structured and was surrounded independence. On subordinate judges established a Court of Appeals and the head of the entire system was created a Supreme Court Judiciario.Para giving effect to the performance of the Execu-tive Branch, O'Higgins created the first ministries: Govern-ment and External Relations Finance Director Marina.El Supreme War and diligent people had partners who introduced reforms in the administration and deal effectively with the establishment and equipping of military forces, financed with recursosLA TRANSFORMATION OF THE COMPANY AND THE GOVERNMENT COSTUMBRESDESDE, O'HIGGINS seeks to transform A KIND COLONIAL SOCIETY OF EXISTING IN THE COUNTRY, IN A SOCIETY republican, cultural and moral APTA TO USE YOUR rights. The former subjects, accustomed to obey and be guided, had now become free citizens and Illustrator, OPEN TO NEW IDEAS AND AWARE OF THEIR RIGHTS AND OLD obligations CIVICAS.LAS customs and prejudices should be wiped ACTION THROUGH THE GOVERNMENT should impose INFLEXIBLEMENTE.La idea of \u200b\u200bequality led to the Supreme Director wing aristocracy prohibit the use of noble titles-za and the display of shields in front of houses. Instead of awards granted per the old monarchy, they created the Legion of Merit, designed to reward the great state be-Vidor, who enjoy certain privileges, legios.Las customs clash from the lower-recieron me also attention of the government, were banned Carnival celebrations and processions-ing night by the scandals that originated and bullfighting and cockfighting. At the same time monitoring was organized to give a new look policial.Para the capital is con-truyó the Paseo de la Alameda de las Delicias in the old midden Canada, and created a market-do about the Mapocho to eliminate stalls that marred the banned Armas.Se Square burial of corpses in churches and created the General Cemetery in Santia-go and a cemetery for dissidents in Valparaíso.La great importance that men of the revolution gave to education and culture, expressed during the government of O'Higgins through various measures. It was reopened the National Insti-tute, which was created in 1813, and founded the Liceo de la Serena, were ordered to councils and convents maintained primary schools. In Santiago and Valparaiso, it was established were two schools that experienced the Lancaster school system, which used more advanced students to help his comrades National Library, which was created during the Patria Vieja, was reopened and she was appointed director of Don Manuel de Salas.
