The Colonial Church.
The relationship between the American Church and the English crown was linked to what is called the right of patronage.
Under that, the Hispanic kings Pope proposed candidates for the highest ecclesiastical offices and established the validity of papal documents in the American possessions.
addition, the construction of religious buildings must be approved by the monarch who collected the tithe.
parallel between the civil and ecclesiastical hierarchy was a work of mutual surveillance.
Undoubtedly, its work, the most prominent was that of converting to the Catholic faith to the indigenous population and control the mestizo. This task was carried out in the parishes established throughout the territory controlled by the English and by the missions among the Indian rebels.
During the two centuries of colonial rule were numerous synods, which were uniform criteria for the work of evangelization. The success of this company is reflected by the end of the colonial period, when the religious spirit had completely permeated Chilean society.
forms feel and express the Catholic faith changed in a century to another.
In the seventeenth century, feasts and devotions were the main manifestation of religion, in the eighteenth century showed a significant decline in such practices, at least among the aristocracy, which was oriented towards more intimate and stark expressions. Meanwhile, the popular religious practices remained attached to the holiday, although the Church during the eighteenth century tried to curb the most extreme.
religious orders.
living in Chile since the beginning of the Hispanic presence, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, religious orders were becoming increasingly political and social influence and economic power. Special
role played by the Jesuits, despite being one of the last congregations to reach the country.
Before their expulsion in 1767, had become the most important command, with a large number of schools and developing an active evangelical work throughout the kingdom. His expulsion repercussions, even in colonial economic development, given the number of goods that had dead hands.
Education in the Colony.
Although since the Conquest there were some educational establishments maintained by the councils, it was during the colonial period and under the direction of the Church and religious orders when the Chilean education was developed.
An essential role was played by the Society of Jesus, which opened several schools, highlighting the convictorium of San Francisco Javier. In 1767, he became led by the Crown under the name of Convictorio Caroline, in honor of Carlos III.
The first universities.
In the early eighteenth century university calls were issued in pontifical universities, which ran in convents. Dominicans and Jesuits were in charge of these establishments.
However, the main institution of higher education was created in 1747, after authorization by Felipe V in 1738: the Royal University of San Felipe. In their classrooms could study and doctor's degree in law or theology.
also include the Academia de San Luis, founded by Manuel de Salas-oriented technical education.
elite culture during the colonial period was framed by large European movements of those centuries: the baroque and neoclassical.
The former sought to exalt the majesty of God and the king and the hierarchies of the world as a divine order.
Instead, neoclassicism made reference to the Enlightenment and the development of reason as the computers of the universe and society.
However, both secular trends acted in the context of the enormous influence of the Church on Chilean colonial culture.
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